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China’s engagement with Brazil since 2000: Key actors, strategies and conflicts
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Brazil is China’s largest trade partner in Latin America, exporting petroleum, iron ore, soybeans and other agricultural commodities in exchange for manufactured products from China. This mushrooming bilateral trade triggered massive Chinese investments in Brazil, yet diplomatic ties have frayed and Brazil hasn’t joined China’s Belt and Road Initiative. This talk outlines the key actors and interests shaping this relation, arguing their strategies align in advancing an eco-modernist partnership that transcends current diplomatic controversies. The real problems at stake, therefore, emerge from political ecological conflicts within China and Brazil themselves that become aggravated when state and corporate interests from both countries align in a strategic partnership. READ MORE...
二戰後中共勝利的蘇聯因素問題
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二戰結束、日本投降後的國際國內形勢，並不利於中共用武力推翻國民黨政權。導致蔣介石國民黨失敗的原因很多，任何原因都不是唯一重要的，但對中共的成功而言，蘇聯因素的作用卻是不可或缺的。蘇聯因素的作用是多方面的，蘇軍佔領東北期間武器彈藥方面的協助對中共武裝在東北發展壯大至關重要，然而中共武裝能夠進入東北、在東北廣大區域利用中東鐵路等交通設施，包括能夠在和國民黨作戰期間出入朝鮮、外蒙，利用蘇軍控制的旅大地區等等，顯然是意識形態的因素，以及斯大林基於冷戰思維調整其對美對華政策所帶來的結果。換言之，毛澤東1949年7月公開發表《論人民民主專政》一文，宣布向蘇聯“一邊倒”；1950年2月締結中蘇友好互助同盟條約，毛澤東宣稱這是為中國找到一個“好幫手”，其實都可以看出中共對其戰後成功有著怎樣的經驗總結。 READ MORE...